Ne Munyori Wezvehutano
VASIKANA vechidiki pamwe nemadzimai vari kupemberera zvikuru kuvandudzwa uko kwakaitwa mutemo uri maringe nenyaya dzekubviswa kwepamuviri apo wakanyevenutswa nedare guru reHigh Court kuti vange vachikwanisa kubviswa pamuviri muzvipatara kana pamuviri pachinge pauya nenzira yechibharo chemuwanano (marital rape) uye kuvanasikana vari pasi pemakore 18 ekubererwa kana vachinge vangoita pamuviri zvisinei nekuti vatendererana nemupari wemhosva here kana kuti kwete sezvo pwere pamutemo dzisingakwanisi kubvuma bonde.
Kusandurwa kwemutemo uku kwakavapo nekuda kwemushandirapamwe wesangano remagweta anomiririra madzimai nevanasikana veWomen and Law in Southern Africa Zimbabwe (WLSA), Women’s Coalition of Zimbabwe (Wcoz), Women’s Action Group (WAG) nemamwe magweta.
Nomusi wa22 Mbudzi gore rapfuura, Justice Maxwell Takuva vakabvisa chikamu chemutemo chairambidza kubviswa kwepamuviri kuvana vanenge vabvuma bonde kusanganisira madzimai ari muwanano weSection 2(1) of the Termination of Pregnancy Act (Chapter 15:10) vachiti haufambirani nezviri mubumbiro remutemo.
Kureva kuti mutemo uri pamusoro wakambosendekwa parutivi wakamirira kuzadzikiswa nedare reConstitutional Court.
Chikamu chemutemo cheSection 81 chinotaura zvekare nezvechengetedzo yevana vari pasi pemakore 18 kuti vasawanikwa vachipindwa navo munyaya dzepabonde nokudaro pamuviri panoitwa nevana ava panenge pasiri pamutemo.
Takaisa magwaro edu mumatare edzimhosva mushure mekunge tatarisana neimwe nyaya yemwana asati abva zera uyo ange aita pamuviri apo paida kuti pange pachibviswa zviri pamutemo zvisinei nekuti painge pasiri pechibharo asi takatarisa tikaona kuti mwana kana aine makore ari pasi pe18 tinomutora semwana kureva kuti haakwanisi kubvuma bonde kureva kuti nyaya yake inenge iri yechibharo zvichireva kuti pamuviri ipapo panofanira kubviswa pari mumupanda wechibharo. Tichizotarisawo zvekare madzimai anenge ari muwanano asi vanogona kubatwa chibharo voita pamuviri pavasingadi mutemo mutsva unotendera kuti pamuviri ipapo pabviswe saka tiri kufamba pashoma-pashoma tichiona kuti mutemo weTermination of Pregnancy Act uyo wakadzikwa mugore ra1977 unge ichisandurwa kuti ufambirane nezviri kudiwa neveruzhinji uye zviri kuitwawo nedzimwe nyika dziri kubudirira,” vanodaro amai Isheanesu Chirisa anova Director kuWILSA.
Mutemo uyu wava nemakore 48 uchishanda.
Mutemo weTermination of Pregnancy Act (1977) unotaura kuti pamuviri panokwanisa kubviswa bedzi kana pari pechibharo, pachiisa amai kana pamuviri mwana ari mudumbu panjodzi kana kuti pari pemakuna-kuna nokudaro kunyevenutswa kwakaitwa mutemo uyu vanoti kuchaita kuti madzimai nevanasikana avo vaisiiwa mumipanda iyi vange vachibatsirika.
Amai Edinah Masiyiwa vanova Executive Director kusangano reWAG vanoti, zvinoda mushandirapamwe weHurumende nemapoka akazvimiririra kuti pave nekutsigirwa kwezvipatara, matare edzimhosva naiwo madzimai nevanasikana kuti vawaniswe ruzivo maringe neutano hwavo hwesikarudzi uye kuwaniswa mishonga yekurera mhuri yakwana nenguva.
“Vanasikana vane makore 15 – 19 ekuberekwa vari kufa pasi rose nekuda kwezvogozhero zvinosanganikwa nazvo panguva yekubara nekuti miviri yavo inenge isati yakura kuti vange vachibara zvakanaka. Hazvikodzeri kusiya pwere dzichitakura pamuviri kusvika dzabara vana vanenge vauya nenzira dzechibharo nekuti dzimwe dzenguva kumatare edzimhosva vanyaya dzinotora nguva ndefu kuti dzinge dzichitongwa kudzamara pamuviri padarika masvondo 22 ekuti pange pachibviswa zviri pamutemo. Kunyika dzakabudirira kusandura mitemo yekubvisa pamuviri ndufu dzemadzimai nevanasikana dzakatoderera,” vanodaro.
Vanowedzera vachiti, zvisinei nekuvapo kwemutemo madzimai nevanasikana vari kuramba vachingobvisa pamuviri nerweseri nokudaro panoda kuwaniswa rutsigiro muzvipatara nemakiriniki kuti vabatsirwe mukugezwa zvibereko sezvakatarwa nebazi rezveutano nekurerwa kwevana kuti rubatsiro urwu rwuwaniswe pachena pasina kuvabvunzurudza (post – abortion care).
“Tiri kufambisa chirongwa cheSafe Abortion Coalition apo tinodzidzisa vanhu munharaunda dzakatsaukana nezvekuipa kwekubvisa pamuviri nerweseri nekuti unorasikirwa neropa rakawanda wofa, kuzokudikana kubara zvachose nekuda kwekupinda zvimiti nemishonga muchibereko chobva chaparara kana kuita utachiona. Kubviswa kwepamuviri kunofanira kuitwa muzvipatara kuitira kuchengetedza upenyu. Madzimai mazhinji anotambura ndivo vazhinji vari kubvisa pamuviri nerweseri apo vane mari vachienda kune dzimwe nyika kana kubhadhara machiremba emuno vachibatsirwa nerweseri. Tinokurudzira kuti munyika muve nemhando dzakasiyana dzekurera mhuri kuitira kuti madzimai nevanasikana vave nesarudzo,” vanodaro.
Vanoti, munyika muno ongororo inoratidza kuti pazuva madzimai nevanasikana 250 vanobvisa pamuviri zuva nezuva kureva kuti paawa rega-rega madzimai vapfumbamwe (9) vari kubvisa pamuviri.
Sharon Mashamba anova mutevedzeri waSachigaro weHealth Cluster kusangano reWCoz anoti, mitemo ine mikana yekuramba ichisandurwa kuti inge ichifambirana neraramo yanhasi.
“Mumakereke, kumamisha nemumaguta vanhu vari kuita pamuviri pasina kurongeka uye havasi vose vanoita bonde nekuti vanenge vakaroorwa saka ngatibvisei nyaya dzetsika nemagariro kana zvitenderero munyaya idzi nekuti munhu wese ane kodzero yekuwaniswa utano hwesikarudzi pasina rusarura. Munyika dzichiri kusimukira tiri kusangana nenyaya 3,9 miriyoni dzekubviswa kwepamuviri nerweseri nevana vane makore 15 – 19 ekuberekwa zvinova zvine njodzi,” anodaro.
Ekenia Chifamba anova Director wesangano reShamwari Yemwanasikana anoti, Zimbabwe ine chitsvambe chekutanga hurongwa hwekuunganidza mari muno iyo inotsigira nyaya dzeutano.
“Tiri kunza kuti munzvimbo zhinji vechidiki vari kukundikana kuwana makondomu nekuti vatsigiri vekunze avo vaimbositipa pachena vakamira nekuda kwesanduko dziri kuitwa nenyika dzekuchamhembe saka senyika tava kufanira kutsvaka nzira dzinoita kuti titsigire zvipatara zvedu kuti vanhu vawane nzira dzekurera mhuri kuti tisazova nematambudziko akawanda ekubviswa kwemapuviri nerweseri,” anodaro.
Mumwe murapi wechivanhu, mbuya Calister Magorimbo vekuDema vanoti, vechidiki vakawanda vari kuita pamuviri asi vachizopotera kuvarapi vechivanhu nemaporofita kuti vange vachibviswa.
“Isu tinoshanda pasi pemutemo weTraditional Medical Practitioner’s Council (TMPTC) tichitungamirirwa nebazi rezveutano nekurerwa kwevana saka hatibvumirwe kubvisa pamuviri imhosva inoendesa kujeri uye chitupa chebasa chinokanzurwa. Asi, kune dzimwe nhubu dzinokwezvwa nemari dzobvisa asi kana munhu achinge azoita zvigozhero vanotiza nokudaro vana vakawanda vanozonofira kudzimba dzavo asi vachitya kudura anenge avapa mishonga yacho,” vanodaro.
Kubviswa kwepamuviri nerweseri kwakaonekwa kuri panhamba yeshanu yehonzeri yendufu dzemadzimai.
Parizvino, ndufu dzemadzimai nevana panguva yekubara dziri pa362 pa100 000 vanobarwa uye Zimbabwe ine vavariro yekuti mugore ra2030 ndufu idzi dzinge dzaderera kuenda pa70 pavana 100 000 vanobarwa.
Chikamu chebumbiro remutemo cheSection 76(1) chinotaura kuti munhu wese munyika ane kodzero yekuwaniswa utano huzere kusanganisira utano hwesikarudzi nokudaro ivavariro yeHurumende nevamwe vatsigiri kuti kodzero iyi ive gutsaruzhinji.
